Endoprosthesis of the knee joint

Knee endoplasty is an advanced orthopedic procedure that aims to restore the function of the damaged joint by implanting an endoprosthesis. The procedure is mainly used for patients with advanced osteoarthritis of the knee, in whom conservative treatment is no longer successful. In the article discuss the course of surgery, indications, possible complications and the importance of rehabilitation after endoplasty for sustained treatment effects and a marked improvement in quality of life.

From this article you will learn:

• What is knee endoprosthesis? Indications for the procedure
• The process of preparing for knee endoprosthesis
  • Diagnostics before surgery
  • Physical and mental preparation
• Knee replacement surgery - the course of the operation
• Types of knee replacements
• Rehabilitation after knee replacement
  • First days after surgery
  • Long-term rehabilitation process
• Summary

What is knee endoprosthesis? Indications for the procedure

Knee endoprosthesis is an advanced surgical procedure that involves implantation of an artificial joint component in place of damaged bone and cartilage structures. It is the method of choice in cases where conservative treatment is no longer successful. In such situations, knee endoplasty is the only effective solution that can provide lasting pain relief and allow the patient to return to an active lifestyle. The most common indications for this procedure include:

• advanced degenerative changes - including gonarthrosis, which leads to the gradual destruction of joint cartilage, causing pain and reduced mobility;
• ineffectiveness of conservative treatment - Pharmacotherapy, rehabilitation and supportive treatments are no longer able to bring relief to the patient;
• knee joint injuries - Severe post-traumatic injuries, such as those requiring reconstruction of ligaments of the knee joint or meniscus repair, which led to joint instability and permanent degenerative changes;
• chronic joint pain - ailments that persist despite treatment, preventing normal functioning and reducing the patient's quality of life;
• significant restriction of joint mobility - affecting daily activities such as walking, climbing stairs and navigating uneven terrain.

The process of preparing for knee endoprosthesis

Knee endoplasty is a process that requires thorough patient preparation. Before performing the procedure, it is necessary Performing diagnostic tests and adequate physical and mental preparation. A detailed diagnosis is important to ensure a complete assessment of the condition of the joint and allow accurate planning of the surgery. The patient should also have a consultation with the attending physician and other specialists to discuss all aspects of the surgery and possible risks associated with the procedure. The financial aspect is also important. If you are wondering how much a knee replacement costs, price may vary depending on many factors, such as the complexity of the procedure, the technologies used and the medical facility where it is performed.

Diagnostics before surgery

Diagnosis prior to knee replacement surgery is crucial for proper surgery. This process typically includes imaging studies, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans, which provide detailed information about the condition of the knee joint. The Clinic also performs standard blood tests, a blood count and an EKG to assess the patient's overall health and minimize the risk of complications during and after surgery. A thorough assessment of the joint's condition allows the surgeon to precisely plan the procedure, which is essential for the best possible surgical outcome.

Physical and mental preparation

Proper preparation for knee endoplasty is important for the success of the operation and the recovery process. It is worth taking care of both about physical fitness, as well as mental preparation. Comprehensive preoperative preparation translates into better treatment results, faster recovery and greater psychological comfort for the patient. Key elements include such items as:

• initial preoperative rehabilitation - Starting exercises before surgery helps strengthen the muscles surrounding the knee joint, improve range of motion and increase the effectiveness of subsequent rehabilitation;
• dietary recommendations - A healthy, balanced diet rich in vitamins (especially D and C), protein and minerals supports wound healing, tissue regeneration and overall immunity;
• mental preparation - Consultation with a psychologist or therapist helps the patient better cope with the stress of the surgery and the period of limited function after the procedure;
• emotional support - Conversations with people who have undergone a similar procedure can provide practical tips and a realistic view of the recovery process after knee endoplasty.

Knee replacement surgery - the course of the operation

Knee endoplasty is a complex operation to replace the damaged knee joint with an artificial implant. The standard operation time is 90 to 120 minutes, and depending on the case, the patient later remains in the hospital under observation for about seven days. The operation is carried out under general or subarachnoid anesthesia, which allows to adjust the method of anesthesia to the individual needs of the patient. During the procedure, the orthopedic surgeon prepares the soft tissues, trims the ends of the bones and removes the altered structures so that a prosthesis can be implanted. This process is necessary to create a new, stable knee joint, which significantly reduces pain and improves mobility in patients.

Types of knee replacements

Knee joint prostheses vary in both design and materials. Choosing the right type of prosthesis depends on The degree of destruction of the joint, the patient's age, physical activity and other individual health factors. Materials used for prostheses must be biocompatible to avoid rejection reactions by the body. The types of prostheses are customized by the orthopedist based on detailed research and analysis of the patient's needs, which is key to achieving the best possible results after surgery. The main types of prostheses and their features are:

• total knee replacement - withareplaces all components of the injured joint - both femoral and tibial surfaces, as well as the patella (if necessary). It is used most often for advanced degenerative or post-traumatic changes;
• Partial (single-compartment) knee replacement – wyme only one damaged part of the joint - usually the medial compartment. The other parts of the joint remain intact, preserving more natural mobility.

Rehabilitation after knee replacement

Rehabilitation after knee replacement is crucial to the patient's return to full function. Properly and regularly conducted, it creates the possibility of full restoration of joint function, reduces pain and the risk of complications such as contractures or endoprosthesis instability. The process includes strengthening exercises, manual therapy and learning to move properly, which significantly improves the patient's comfort and quality of life.

First days after surgery

The first days after surgery are crucial for the subsequent rehabilitation process. As early as the first day after surgery, the patient begins breathing, isometric and anticoagulation exercises to prevent deep vein thrombosis. Upright standing and the ability to move independently usually follow the next day. The key goal during this period is to Reduction of pain and swelling and prevention of complications. The rehabilitator in charge of the exercises ensures that the patient gradually returns to full mobility and adequate muscle strength. Regular exercise in the first days after surgery speeds up the recovery process and has a positive effect on further rehabilitation treatment.

Long-term rehabilitation process

Long-term rehabilitation after knee replacement is as important as the initial stage of recovery. Systematicity and an individualized approach are key to achieving lasting therapeutic results. Long-term rehabilitation is a process that requires patience, but produces lasting results, enabling a return to daily activities without pain or limitations. The most important elements of this process are:

• Regular exercise for several months - Daily physical activity supports the restoration of muscle strength and restoration of full joint function;
• constant care of a physiotherapist - An experienced specialist monitors the patient's progress, controls exercise technique and modifies the rehabilitation plan as needed;
• Strengthening muscles and learning proper biomechanics - Exercises targeting stabilization and coordination help regain control of movement and prevent strain on other structures;
• Continue learning to walk with the help of orthopedic crutches - Learning how to properly load a limb protects against overload and speeds up a safe return to independence;
• prevention of complications - appropriate physical rehabilitation reduces the risk of complications such as thrombosis, infection, contractures and reduced range of motion;
• individual duration of therapy – rehabilitation usually lasts from 6 to 8 weeks, with significant improvement being noticeable as early as 2-3 months after the procedure;
• The importance of patient motivation and cooperation - Following the recommendations of the doctor and physiotherapist, as well as the active involvement of the patient, are essential for optimal results.

Summary

Knee endoprosthesis is an advanced surgical procedure that involves replacing the damaged structures of the knee joint with an artificial implant. It is a definitive treatment method when other modalities fail to relieve pain and improve mobility. Rehabilitation after endoprosthesis is key to returning to full function. It includes strengthening exercises, manual therapy and learning to move properly. Regular exercise from the first day after surgery speeds up the return to normal activity and improves the patient's quality of life. Benefit from comprehensive physiotherapy care at Neuroport, where the rehabilitation process is conducted in accordance with the latest standards and tailored individually to the needs of each patient.